Analysis of the Game-Theoretic Modeling of Backscatter Wireless Sensor Networks under Smart Interference

In this paper, we study an interference avoidance scenario in the presence of a smart interferer which can rapidly observe the transmit power of a backscatter wireless sensor network (WSN) and effectively interrupt backscatter signals. We consider a power control with a sub-channel allocation to avoid interference attacks and a time-switching ratio for backscattering and RF energy harvesting in backscatter WSNs. We formulate the problem based on a Stackelberg game theory and compute the optimal transmit power, time-switching ratio, and sub-channel allocation parameter to maximize a utility function against the smart interference. We propose two algorithms for the utility maximization using Lagrangian dual decomposition for the backscatter WSN and the smart interference to prove the existence of the Stackelberg equilibrium. Numerical results show that the proposed algorithms effectively maximize the utility, compared to that of the algorithm based on the Nash game, so as to overcome smart interference in backscatter communications. This technical report is a detailed version of a paper which was accepted to appear in IEEE Communications Letters. Copyright belongs to IEEE. This work was, in part, supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korean government (MSIT) (2014R1A5A1011478), and in part by Human Resources Program in Energy Technology of the Korea Institute of Energy Technology Evaluation and Planning (KETEP) grant funded by the Korean government (MOTIE) (No. 20174010201620) S. G. Hong, Y. M. Hwang, S. Y. Lee and J. Y. Kim are with the Department of Wireless Communications, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, South Korea (email: mygwan112, yumin, sunyuil22, [email protected]). Y. Shin is with the School of Electrical Engineering, Soongsil University, Seoul 06978, South Korea (email: [email protected]). D. I. Kim is with the School of Information and Communication Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea (email: [email protected]). † Corresponding author [TECHNICAL REPORT] 2 Index Terms Backscatter communications, smart interference, wireless sensor networks, Stackelberg game.